Emerging Solar Technologies Market Potential

This research report examines the emerging solar cell technologies, such as plasmonic solar cells, quantum dots solar cells, photoelectric solar cells, and many more. Due to the advancements made in technology, we see new types of solar cells being invented on a regular basis now, and this report is a complete guide on understanding all the new types of solar cells that have recently hit the markets.

Solar photovoltaic cells are made of materials called semiconductors such as silicon, which is currently used most commonly. When light strikes the cell, a certain portion of it is absorbed within the semiconductor material. This means that the energy of the absorbed light is transferred to the semiconductor. The energy knocks electrons loose, allowing them to flow freely.

PV cells also all have one or more electric field that acts to force electrons freed by light absorption to flow in a certain direction. This flow of electrons is a current, and by placing metal contacts on the top and bottom of the PV cell, we can draw that current off for external use, say, to power a calculator. This current, together with the cell's voltage (which is a result of its built-in electric field or fields), defines the power (or wattage) that the solar cell can produce.

Table of Contents:

Executive Summary 11

Plasmonic Solar Cells 13
Overview 13
History of Plasmonic Solar Cells 14
Design of Plasmonic Solar Cells 15
Metal Nanoparticle Plasmonic Solar Cell 15
Metal Film Plasmonic Solar Cell 17
How does a Plasmonic Solar Cell Function? 18
Metal Nanoparticles 18
Materials Used in Plasmonic Solar Cells 21
Applications of Plasmonic Solar Cells 21
Space Exploration Vehicles 21
Rural Electrification 22
Producing High Power 22
Consumer Electronics 22
Recent Developments in Plasmonic Solar Cells 23
Third Generation Solar Cells 23
Multiple Energy Levels 24
Hot Carrier Cells 24

Photoelectrochemical Cells 26
Overview 26
Types of Photoelectrochemical Cell 26
Photogeneration Cell 26
Graetzel Cell/Dye Sensitized Cell 26

String Ribbon Solar Cells 35
Overview 35
Reducing the Cost of Solar Cells with String Ribbon 37
Technology Behind String Ribbon Solar Cells 38

Hybrid Solar Cells 41
Overview 41
Theory behind Hybrid Solar Cells 41
Different Types of Hybrid Solar Cells 44
Polymer-Nanoparticle Composite 44
Carbon Nanotubes 46
Dye-sensitized Solar Cells 48
Nanostructured Inorganic–Small Molecules 50
Case Study: Improving the Efficiency of Hybrid Solar Cells 51

Polymer Solar Cells 53
Overview 53
Physical Properties of Polymer Solar Cells 54
Architecture of a Polymer Solar Cell 55
Market for Polymer Solar Cells 56
Summing Up 56

Carbon Nanotubes 57
Introduction to Carbon Nanotubes 57
Overview 57
Different Types of Carbon Nanotubes 57
Properties of Carbon Nanotubes 58
Optical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes 59
Applications of Carbon Nanotubes 60
Carbon Nanotubes and Photovoltaics 61
Overview 61
Photoactive Layers and the Carbon Nanotube Composites 61
Usage of Carbon Nanotubes as Transparent Electrode 63
Usage of Carbon Nanotubes in DSSCs 64


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